This monograph depicts the introduction and the implementation of Jewish badges in central Islamic lands and in some medieval European countries. The author analyzes in particular the first introduction of these stigmas under the Abbasid caliph al-Mutawakkil in the 9th century CE. It were the resolutions of the Fourth Lateran Council in 1215 CE and its regional interpretations that marked the beginning of Jewish badges in Catholic Europe. This development culminated in the socalled “Jewish Star”, a specificly degrading badge, which was imposed onto the Jews in the Third Reich. Did Joseph Goebbels resort to medieval models when introducing the “Jewish Star”? Were the bishops in the medieval Ages aware of the Islamic tradition of Jewish badges? Was it by coincidence that alle three stigmas were yellow?